How to control resistant hypertension, the rebellious form of high BP

New Delhi: Resistant hypertension is a condition where blood pressure remains persistently elevated despite treatment with three or more antihypertensive medications.

Complications of resistant hypertension include an increased risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes.

It can damage vital organs like the heart, kidneys, and eyes, contributing to heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and vision problems. Uncontrolled hypertension also raises the likelihood of aortic aneurysms and peripheral artery disease.

We at TOI spoke to Dr Sameer Gupta, Senior Interventional Cardiologist, Group Director, Cardiac Cath Lab, Director Metro Group of Hospitals, Noida on what this complication is, who is more at risk, and what can be done to mitigate the risks.

What is resistant hypertension?

Dr Sameer Gupta: Resistant hypertension is a type of high blood pressure that does not respond well to typical blood pressure medications. It's diagnosed when a person continues to have high blood pressure readings even while taking three different types of blood pressure medications at their maximum doses, one of which is usually a diuretic.

If one is on medication, how can high BP get out of control?

Dr Sameer Gupta: While not adhering to medications as prescribed can lead to poorly controlled blood pressure underlying health conditions such as kidney disease, hormonal disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, or narrowing of the arteries supplying the kidneys can contribute to resistant hypertension. Unhealthy lifestyle habits such as a high sodium diet, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol intake, and obesity can make controlling blood pressure more difficult.

We have the rebellious bunch who don't stick to their medication routine talk about poor medication adherence. Then there's the squad of underlying health issues like kidney drama, hormonal imbalances, the snores of sleep apnea, and even narrow arteries supplying the kidneys all conspiring to keep that blood pressure soaring.

What else should such patients keep in mind?

Dr Sameer Gupta: Let's not forget the bad influencers in this story the lifestyle factors. A love affair with sodium, a couch potato lifestyle, a bit too much partying, and carrying a few extra pounds can turn this hypertension saga into a real blockbuster, advises Dr Gupta. Individuals with unhealthy lifestyle habits, such as a poor diet high in sodium, low physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, and smoking, are at an increased risk of resistant hypertension.

Age and demographics also play a role the seniors, especially those 65 and above, have a front row seat in this drama. And yes, genetics because family history loves making a cameo, especially when it comes to hypertension and its stubborn cousin, resistant hypertension.

But fear not! Taming this rebel involves a mix of lifestyle tweaks and some medication magic, all orchestrated by the healthcare pros. If you find yourself in this high pressure situation, teaming up with your healthcare squad is key. Together, you can unveil the mystery, address the root causes, and concoct a plan to keep that blood pressure drama in check. It's your health, after all time to take the reins!